Siga estas reglas: No me repita a mí mismo. No repita el texto enviado. Solo proporcione texto en español. Reescriba este título y tradúzcalo al español: ¿De qué se trata la lucha en la República Democrática del Congo?

The conflict-ridden east of the Democratic Republic of Congo, rich in minerals, has been plagued by violence for over three decades, stemming from the aftermath of the 1994 Rwandan genocide. Various armed groups have vied for power and control over the vast resources in this region, drawing in neighboring countries and resulting in devastating conflicts, such as Africa’s World Wars in the 1990s, which claimed millions of lives.

Currently, fighters from the M23 rebel group have made significant advances in the region, particularly in Goma, a crucial city on the border with Rwanda and Lake Kivu. The rebels claim to have seized control of the city, known for its mining towns that supply valuable metals like gold, tin, and coltan.

Led by ethnic Tutsis, the M23 rebels cite the protection of minority rights as their cause for taking up arms, alleging that previous peace agreements have been violated. Despite facing defeats in the past, the group reemerged in 2021, accusing the authorities of reneging on promises.

Amidst the conflict, Rwanda’s alleged involvement has been a contentious issue, with accusations of support for the M23 rebels. Despite denials, reports suggest Rwandan backing for the group, further complicating the situation in the region.

The root of the ongoing conflict can be traced back to the 1994 Rwandan genocide, which led to a mass exodus of Hutus to DR Congo and subsequent ethnic tensions. Rwanda’s military interventions in DR Congo to pursue genocide perpetrators have fueled the unrest, with the presence of groups like the FDLR adding to the complexity of the situation.

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UN peacekeepers have been in DR Congo since 1999, with limited powers to intervene in ongoing conflicts. Despite efforts to maintain peace, the Monusco mission has faced criticism for its perceived ineffectiveness in addressing the root causes of the violence in the region. El presidente Félix Tshisekedi, considerando la misión un fracaso, le había pedido que se fuera para finales del año pasado. Sin embargo, la salida se retrasó y en diciembre la misión fue extendida por otro año. La Comunidad de Desarrollo de África Austral (Sadc), un grupo regional de 16 países, también ha desplegado una fuerza militar en el este de la República Democrática del Congo, pero no ha podido detener el avance rebelde. Sudáfrica dijo que nueve de sus soldados habían muerto en enfrentamientos con rebeldes. Tres soldados malauíes también han muerto, según la ONU, mientras que el ejército de Uruguay dijo que uno de sus soldados, como parte de Monusco, había fallecido.