Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are a prevalent health issue that affects middle-aged and elderly individuals. Statistics show that by the age of 50, around 50% of people will develop hemorrhoids, and 75% of Americans will experience symptoms at some point in their lives. Despite the high prevalence of hemorrhoids, many individuals find it uncomfortable to discuss this condition, leading to misconceptions about its causes and treatment options. This article aims to dispel these misunderstandings and provide helpful solutions and lifestyle changes to alleviate discomfort.
Technically speaking, hemorrhoids are vascular tissues located in the anal canal, composed of connective tissue, smooth muscle, and blood vessels. These tissues act as a cushion, aiding in stool continence and protecting the sphincter muscle during bowel movements. However, when these tissues are subject to increased pressure, they can become irritated, inflamed, swollen, and itchy, sometimes leading to bleeding.
Various factors can increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids, such as pregnancy, obesity, chronic constipation or diarrhea, sitting on the toilet for extended periods, anal intercourse, and a low-fiber diet. Symptoms of hemorrhoids may include itching, pain around or inside the anus, lumps around the anus, bright red blood after defecation, a persistent urge to defecate, and mucus in underwear or toilet after wiping.
Hemorrhoids can be classified as internal or external, with external hemorrhoids causing more discomfort, including itching, pain, inflammation, and bleeding. Internal hemorrhoids, on the other hand, may not cause noticeable symptoms unless they prolapse outside the anal opening.
Preventing constipation is crucial in reducing the risk of developing hemorrhoids. Chronic constipation, which is characterized by infrequent and difficult bowel movements, can lead to various health issues. Staying hydrated, consuming an adequate amount of dietary fiber, and evaluating toilet habits can help prevent constipation and alleviate symptoms of hemorrhoids.
It’s important to note that the conventional way of sitting on the toilet might increase the risk of constipation. Therefore, adjusting your posture during bowel movements can help improve your intestinal health and reduce the likelihood of developing hemorrhoids. The human body is not naturally designed to sit while defecating; instead, squatting is the proper posture for eliminating waste. When you sit, the anorectal angle remains partially kinked, making it necessary to strain to overcome the obstruction. Squatting straightens the anorectal angle, creating a clear pathway for elimination without the need to push or strain.
To adopt a squat-like posture while using a standard toilet, you can use a potty stool or a simple footstool. Additionally, installing a bidet in your bathroom can help cleanse your anus and nether regions, reducing the risk of infections and inflammation.
Limiting the time spent on the toilet is crucial, as prolonged sitting can put added strain on hemorrhoids and worsen symptoms. It’s important to only spend enough time on the toilet to complete your bowel movement, then clean yourself and stand up promptly. Delaying bowel movements can make stools harder to pass and worsen symptoms.
Natural remedies such as sitz baths, aloe vera, witch hazel, Epsom salts, glycerin, ice packs, and coconut oil can help soothe hemorrhoids and provide relief from discomfort. It’s also recommended to stay active and avoid being sedentary, as exercise can help improve hemorrhoid symptoms. Remember to wear loose-fitting clothes and underwear to prevent irritation. If you experience severe symptoms, consult with a healthcare provider to rule out other health conditions. Según Paonessa:30
“Cuando te sientas, la presión en tus glúteos hace que los músculos glúteos se expandan. En el proceso, las pequeñas venas alrededor del ano y el recto se estiran y pierden elasticidad. Luego, las venas frágiles se llenan de sangre y te salen hemorroides.
La intensa presión de estar sentado durante mucho tiempo lleva a nuevas hemorroides y empeora las existentes. Pero no todos los asientos tienen el mismo efecto. Sentarse en una silla dura causa más presión que en una silla blanda.”
Si el dolor es soportable, recomiendo seguir una rutina de ejercicio diaria para ayudar a facilitar la curación. El ejercicio ayuda a aumentar la circulación, fortalece los huesos y músculos, y apoya tu proceso digestivo.31
Sin embargo, no todos los ejercicios son recomendados. Por ejemplo, no se recomienda andar en bicicleta ni levantar pesas pesadas. Caminar al aire libre es una buena opción, así como hacer yoga.